The random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird) was used to calculate pooled effect estimates when substantial heterogeneity was encountered otherwise, the fixed-effects (Mantel-Haenszel) model was implemented. Data on the study design, interventions, participants, and outcomes were extracted by two independent reviewers. The aim of this study was to synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing nonoperative versus surgical management of uncomplicated acute appendicitis in adult patients.Ī systematic literature search of the PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases was performed with respect to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) statement (end-of-search date: January 29, 2017).
1 From the Department of Surgery (J.V.S.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland Surgery Working Group (K.S.M., K.P.E.), Society of Junior Doctors, Athens, Greece Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery (K.S.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Institute of Preventive Medicine, Environmental & Occupational Health (A.G.), Prolepsis, Athens, Greece Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (A.G.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece Department of Research & Innovation (S.P.S.), St Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania Department of Surgery (C.J.B.), Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Surgery (M.M.M.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina and Department of Surgery (K.P.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.Īcute appendicitis continues to constitute a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in theĬompanys internal control over financial reporting. The companys other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the companys auditors and the auditĬommittee of the companys board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):ĭeficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the companys ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the companys internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the periodĬovered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the companys internal control over financial reporting andĥ. In this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation and (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the companys disclosure controls and procedures and presented Over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controlsĪnd procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which Responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and The companys other certifying officer(s) and I are
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cashįlows of the company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report Ĥ. Statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report ģ. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of FreeSeas Inc.
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